Calculations and Transfer Function
The behaviour of a NN (Neural Network) depends on both the weights and the input-output function (transfer function) that is specified for the units. This function typically falls into one of three categories:

Powerful Forecasting With Ms Excel Pdf

For linear units, the output activity is proportional to the total weighted output.
For threshold units, the output is set at one of two levels, depending on whether the total input is greater than or less than some threshold value.
For sigmoid units, the output varies continuously but not linearly as the input changes. Sigmoid units bear a greater resemblance to real neurons than do linear or threshold units, but all three must be considered rough approximations.
It should be noted that the sigmoid curve is widely used as a transfer function because it has the effect of 'squashing' the inputs into the range [0,1]. Other functions with similar features can be used, most commonly tanh which has an output range of [-1,1]. The sigmoid function has the additional benefit of having an extremely simple derivative function for backpropagating errors through a feed-forward neural network. This is how the transfer functions look like:
To make a neural network performs some specific task, we must choose how the units are connected to one another (see Figure 1.1), and we must set the weights on the connections appropriately. The connections determine whether it is possible for one unit to influence another. The weights specify the strength of the influence.
Typically the weights in a neural network are initially set to small random values; this represents the network knowing nothing. As the training process proceeds, these weights will converge to values allowing them to perform a useful computation. Thus it can be said that the neural network commences knowing nothing and moves on to gain some real knowledge.
Build Neural Network Model With Ms Excel Pdf Notes
To summarize, we can teach a three-layer network to perform a particular task by using the following procedure:
  1. We present the network with training examples, which consist of a pattern of activities for the input units together with the desired pattern of activities for the output units.
  2. We determine how closely the actual output of the network matches the desired output.
  3. We change the weight of each connection so that the network produces a better approximation of the desired output.
The advantages of using Artificial Neural Networks software are:
They are extremely powerful computational devices
Massive parallelism makes them very efficient.
They can learn and generalize from training data – so there is no need for enormous feats of programming.
They are particularly fault tolerant – this is equivalent to the “graceful degradation” found in biological systems.
They are very noise tolerant – so they can cope with situations where normal symbolic systems would have difficulty.
In principle, they can do anything a symbolic/logic system can do, and more.
Real life applications
The applications of artificial neural networks are found to fall within the following broad categories:
Manufacturing and industry:

Banking and finance:

Science and medicine:

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Working With Ms Excel Pdf

The only requirement that you need is familiarity with MS Excel. If you want to build neural network based forecasting model with MS Excel, then reading this book is a great way to start.
Now you can study at home with your own personal neural network model and perform practical experiments that help you fully understand how easy neural networks can be.

This book comes with 5 practical models that act as a starting point allowing you to experiment with neural network training and testing. All these neural network models are created with MS Excel spreadsheet. These models include

i.Determining Risk For Credit Approval,
ii.Sales Forecasting,
iii.Predicting Dow Jones/stock weekly prices,
iv.Predicting Real Estate Value,
v.Classify Type of Flowers

Once you are comfortable with the practicalities of using a neural network then perhaps you can simply tailor one of the preexisting spreadsheets for your own use. However, if you need to develop your own unique model then you will find that this book has the materials that you can reference to build one on your own.

If one of the accompanying neural network models is suitable and need no customizing then it is a fairly simple matter to set up your analysis. Your data is placed into the input field, the neural network parameters are specified together with any goals or outputs. Then your neural network is trained after which it is shown the data to be analysed.

After that, you can act as teacher for a neural network by providing it with data and letting it know the goals it should learn. The neural network can then train itself using the data and goals provided, and during training can provide feedback on how well it is doing. Once you are satisfied that it has trained sufficiently well then it is ready to make a prediction about some new data. Assuming that the new data is derived from the same or similar sources as the training data then the neural network will be able to recognize features consistent with its past learning and advise you on its evaluation or prediction.

What can neural networks do for me?

There are a wide range of problems that can be solved using neural networks. Typical problems range from investment analysis, gambling, property analysis through to image and speech recognition. New applications for neural networks are being found all the time and you just need some inventiveness and creativity to see if your problem can be solved using this approach.

Instructions on how to build neural network model with Excel will be explained step by step by looking at the 5 main sections shown below…

a)Selecting and transforming data
b)the neural network architecture,
c)simple mathematic operations inside the neural network model
d)training the model and
If you do not want build the neural network manually, you can click here to try 4Cast XL, a neural network based software. With 4Cast XL, the tasks of building a neural network model is fully automated.